PREPOSITION IN, ON, AND AT

A preposition is a word or groups of words used before a noun or a pronoun to show place, position, time or method.

·      I live in Palangka Raya.

·      We will meet the principal on Monday.

·      My sister and I always study at night.

The bold-typed words are prepositions. A preposition is a word or groups of words used before a noun or a pronoun to show place, position, time or method.

Preposition	Usage
in	You use ‘in’ with periods of times and places. Example: ·       Months " in May ·       Seasons " in winter ·       Country " in France ·       City or town names " in Paris ·       Times of the day " in the morning, afternoon or evening. Exception: at noon, at night
on	You use ‘on’ with specific days. Examples: on Friday, on New Year’s Day, on August 7th Note: American English " ‘on the weekend’ or ‘on weekends’
at	You use ‘at’ with specific times and specific places. Examples: at 7 o’clock, at 7.30, at night, at school Note: British English " ‘at the weekend’ or ‘at weekends’

Look at these examples:

>     I have a meeting at 9am.

>     The shop closes at midnight.

>     Mitchie went home at lunchtime.

>     In England, it often snows in December.

>     Do you think we will go to Jupiter in the future?

Notice the use of the preposition of time at in the following standard expressions:

Expression	Example
at night	The stars shine at night.
at the weekend	I don't usually work at the weekend.
at Christmas/Easter	I stay with my family at Christmas.
at the same time	We finished the test at the same time.
at present	He's not home at present. Try later.

Notice the use of the prepositions of time in and on in these common expressions:

in	on
in the morning	on Tuesday morning
in the mornings	on Saturday mornings
in the afternoon(s)	on Sunday afternoons
in the evening(s)	on Monday evening

When we say last, next, every, this we do not also use at, in, on.

• I went to French last August. (not in last August)
• He's coming back next Tuesday. (not on next Tuesday)
• I go home every Easter. (not at every Easter)

VOCABULARY AROUND THE HOUSE

Things you may find around the house

*      Light bulb(s)

*      Plug(s)

*      Socket(s)

*      Torch(es)

*      Ceiling light(s)

*      Lamp(s)

*      Curtain(s)

*      Shelf (shelves)

*      Telephone(s)

*      Box(es)

*      Plug(s)

*      Battery (batteries)

*      Photo(graph)(s)

Rooms

 *      Living Room

*      Settee(s)

*      Armchair(s)

*      Coffee table(s)

*      Display cabinet(s)

*      Hifi stand(s)

*      TV cabinet(s)

*      Television(s) / tv(s)

*      Hifi(s)

*      Speaker(s)

*      Cushion(s)

*      Rug(s)

Things we do in the Living Room

*      People watch TV in the living room.

*      People sit and read a book in the living room.

*      People listen to music in the living room.

      Bedroom

*      Bed(s)

*      Bedside cabinet(s)

*      Bedside table(s)

*      Dressing table(s)

*      Wardrobe(s)

*      Chest of drawer(s)

*      Brush(es)

*      Comb(s)

*      Hair dryer(s)

*      Pillow(s)

*      Sheet(s)

*      Clothes

Things we do in the Bed Room

*      People listen to music in the bedroom.

*      People sleep in the bedroom.

*      People get dressed or undressed in the bedroom.

       Kitchen

*      Table(s)

*      Chair(s)

*      Bin(s)

*      Cooker(s) / oven(s)

*      Microwave (oven)(s)

*       fridge(s)

*       dishwasher(s)

*      Tap(s)

*      Coffee maker(s)

*      Food mixer(s)

*      Coffee maker(s)

*      Food mixer(s)

*      Liquidizer(s)

*      Saucepan(s)

*      Frying pan(s)

*       sieve(s)

*      Kettle(s)

*        teapot(s)

Things we do in the Kitchen

*      People prepare food in the kitchen.

*      People cook in the kitchen.

*      People sometimes eat in the kitchen.

*      People make coffee or tea in the kitchen.

*      People put the food away in the kitchen cupboards.

       Bathroom

*      Chair(s)

*      Basin(s)

*      Bath(s)

*      Toilet(s)

*      Toilet roll(s)

*      Toilet brush(es)

*       hairdryer (hairdryers)

*       toothbrush(es)

*      Shaving foam razor(s)

*      Toilet seat(s)

Things we do in the Bed Room

*      People get dressed or undressed in the bathroom.

*      People have a shave in the bathroom.

*      People brush their teeth in the bathroom.

*      People take a shower in the bathroom.

*      People have a bath in the bathroom.

PASSIVE VOICE

Passive voice is a grammatical voice in which the subject receives the subject receives the action of a transitive verb, and passive refers more generally to verb using this construction and the passages in which they are used.


When rewriting active sentences in passive voices note the following:
- The object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence
- The finite form of the verb is changed (to be + pas participate)
- The subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped)

 AgentØ
In a passive clause, we usually we a phrase beginning with by if we want to mention the agent-the person or thing that does the action, or that causes what happens

Example :
My Mother makes sandwich every morning
Subject + V1+ S/es + O + C(adv. Of time)

Sandwich is made by my mother every morning
Subject + to be + V3 agent C(adv. Of time)

Present Continuous :
S + to be + being + V3 (past participle)

Present Perfect :
S + has/have + been + V3 (past participle)

Present Continuous :
Active : A young boy is catching a butterfly
Passive : A butter fly is being caught by a young boy

ASKING IF SOMEONE REMEMBERS OR NOT

Formal expressions:

·        I wonder if you remember.....

·        You remember...., don’t you?

·        You haven’t forgotten...., have you?

·        Don’t you remember.....?

·        Do you happen to remember it now?

Ways to respond:

·        Let me think, yes, I remember.

·        I remember especially the scenery.

·        I’ll never forget that

·         I’ll always remember.

·        I can remember it clearly.

Informal expressions:

·        Remember the old house we used to live in?

·        Remember that?

·        I’m sorry I don’t remember

Ways to respond:

·        Hold on. Yes, got it!

·        I know.....

·        It’s coming back to me now.

Respond if you forget:

·        Sorry, I’ve completely forgotten.

·        I’m affraid I forget.

·        I really can’t remember.

·        I’m afraid I have no memory of him

·        Errr, let me think. No, it’s gone.

·        Sorry, it slipped off my mind.

OFFERING

The expression of “ Would you like....”is normally used for offering something to someone.

Ways to say it
* Would you like a cup of coffee, Mr. Green?
* Should I get you a bottle of water?
* Could I offer you a glass of milk, Mr. Angga?
* Would you care some salad?

Offering to friends:
* Want some?
* Have some?
* Chocolate?
* Grab some for yourself

Less formal expressions:
* Would you like to have a pancake?
* Why don't you have some lemonade?
* What can I get for you?
* What will you have?

Declining an offering
* No, thanks.
* No, really won't, thanks
* Not for me, thanks.

Accepting an offering:
* Thank you.
* Yes, please
* I'd like it very much
* That would be very nice